Mission Research

Research provides a clear framework for designing studies at an academic level, including the selection of subjects, sampling, data processing, and equipment design, as well as analysing results to implement solutions for the desired gap. In the fields of science, engineering, and education, research methodology ensures systematic processes and outcomes by properly examining the data and results obtained from research. It is essential to ensure that effective planning and implementation align with research goals. 

The first step to understanding research methodology is...

Research methodology provides the theoretical foundation for conducting research work. We should design the process to ensure the correct extraction of data for research purposes. It is categorised as...

• Descriptive research 
• Analytical research 
• Exploratory research 

Methodology encompasses qualitative, quantitative, descriptive, experimental, phenomenological, survey, and grounded theory approaches used in engineering, science, and other fields. Engineering is a systematic and technical discipline focused on building knowledge through testable hypotheses and observation, which can be quantitative and qualitative. Engineering, derived from the word "ingenerate" (to create), applies scientific principles to solve real-world problems and improve daily life. Other fields prioritise data analysis-based surveys over the manufacturing process. 

Figure 1: Network graph (collaboration or co-authorship, which shows relationships between individuals based on shared connections) [This image is based on research paper references that aren't included in this article.] [The total number of research papers that were judged to be relevant is displayed here.] 

In Figure 1, each node represents a research citation or position and may indicate its importance by the number of connections it has. A line between two nodes indicates a connection, likely suggesting that they have collaborated or co-authored a paper. Thicker or more numerous edges suggest stronger or more frequent collaborations. 

The pink colour is used uniformly for edges or nodes about research methodologies discussed by different researchers or circular layouts to help visualise interconnections evenly. Central figures Enari, D., and Lee, t appear to have many connections, suggesting they are key collaborators. 

Modelling plays a key role in practical engineering and is valuable in engineering education research. Qualitative methodologies, like design research, focus on the process of development, generating insights into methods used for product creation. This aligns with design in education, where learning develops the design process. 

Educational products often include learning media, models, assessment tools, and circulars. Common IT based learning on some simulation tools and software included 3D animations, IOT (Internet of things), virtual automation models, etc., and provided examples of designed educational products and their development using methods such as research and development (R&D), analysis, design, implementation, evaluation, engineering design process, design thinking, design-based research, design research methodology, defining, developing, and disseminating. 

We obtained the bibliometric analysis results through searching. The search was carried out using the keywords "research and methods," resulting in a lot of documents read from year to year. The number of documents published in Scopus may increase in the coming years, indicating that research on methods for designing processes is currently one of the most popular topics among researchers. 

The purpose of this study is to explain science and education design research, types, and step-by-step design methods and to provide examples of the application of design methods in science education. 

Novelties the study includes:

The study explains various design methodologies, identifies research trends, and presents a summary of each methodology's stages. 

There are nine types of extraction in every research methodology:

Identify the problems, formulate a hypothesis, and select a suitable research methodology. Conduct experiments and create equipment. Refine design and develop, evaluate, and test. revise and retest, implement, and disseminate. 

Engineers, inventors, and anyone looking to solve problems use the engineering design process, a cycle of thinking, working, and sharing. Different versions of the engineering process include various steps. Most include 5–8 steps, including thinking, planning, building, testing, and sharing to some degree as part of this cycle. The idea is for students to engage in thinking and communicating about a problem and potential solutions, then generate different designs to determine if they are likely to work. The student engineer then builds or creates some object, process, or experience as a solution. 

Research and Development

Borg and Gall first popularized the R&D method in Europe in the 1960s and adapted it for education in the 1980s to improve educational products. Today, R&D is widely used to design and test products in academia. R&D involves identifying problems, designing solutions, and developing products. Education can apply it to develop models for leadership, teacher training, and curricula. The method combines research, which follows scientific norms, and development, which focuses on improving quality and effectiveness. It is a systematic process of design, development, and evaluation to create products that enhance learning. R&D is a problem-solving process starting with needs analysis, product development, and dissemination. It aims to test and validate products, whether for technology, methods, or tools. 

Borg and Gall outlined four key stages of R&D:

1. Initial Research 

2. Development based on problem analysis. 

3. Field testing in real environments.

4. Revisions based on feedback.

5. Key R&D models include Borg and Gall, Sadimn, ADDIE, Dick and Carey, and 4D. 

Research the need for rapid vocabulary extraction: 

When starting a research endeavour, early-career researchers encounter difficulties for various reasons. This discussion addresses the difficulties that junior researchers face after earning a degree in chemical engineering. They draw attention to the problems with Master of Engineering programs, which frequently offer minimal opportunities for research projects outside of the classroom and only a limited number of research approaches and pertinent courses. They highlight that other disciplines, such as PhD programs, concentrate on formulating a research agenda.

Lab Times in Chemical Engineering Education

Figure 2: Network graph (collaboration or co-authorship, which shows the time spent in the Chemical Engineering Lab based on shared connections). [This image is based on research paper references that aren't included in this article.] [The total number of research papers that were judged to be relevant is displayed here.]

Chemical engineering encompasses a broad range of topics, including fluid dynamics, waste-to-energy, process modeling and control, chemical technology, chemical reaction engineering, process simulations, and more. This method enhances learning, provides opportunities for real-world application, promotes teamwork, and promotes the development of transferable skills. Higher-level course material and the experiment itself frequently provide others with superior education. The potential applications of GAI in teaching and learning methodologies are the subject of numerous studies. We are only now investigating methods for incorporating GAI into chemical engineering degrees, which means this field is still in its infancy. Because lab sessions are open-ended, students must learn and apply critical thinking skills while organising, carrying out, and analysing their results. In this study, we develop, implement, and evaluate an undergraduate lab session for chemical engineering that emphasises the use of LLMs. In a pre-lab lecture, instructors stressed the importance of academic integrity when using ChatGPT as a learning tool, and they graded the corresponding assignment based on students' knowledge and abilities rather than solely on their use of the technology. 

Future graduates need to be prepared to use GAI, including LLMs, in an ethical, responsible, and safe manner as it continues to become more and more common in both educational and professional contexts. AI-enabled environments that incorporate practical, problem-based teaching activities, like this one, offer students the opportunity to develop these skills. Next, we tasked the students with developing a model. 

Online Teaching Strategies Adopted During COVID-19, when offline time Closure

The COVID-19 epidemic has presented unprecedented challenges, compelling academics to transition to online instruction. In 2020, most lessons were taught online via electronic devices, with teachers meeting in classrooms according to their schedules and covering the standard material, often through formal lectures. In addition to working individually or in groups and primarily reproducing knowledge in exams, students had to pay attention to their teachers. The lockdown of the educational institutions put teachers, students, and their parents in a whole different position that is challenging to adjust to. To account for the social integration of their learning groups, institutions also needed to stay in touch with their students. 

Adopting the lockdown scenario is extremely difficult because of closed loops. Additionally, some students lost their internships or clinical practices because they had trouble understanding the subject. The second issue that frequently surfaced was the lack of resources to complete coursework. Students said, "I am unable to access many of the typical resources I would need to learn, such as the peer tutoring library. Because so many individuals were accessing the internet at once, the lack of an internet connection was another issue. 

My Individual Experiences: "I was stranded at home during the lockdown, unable to conduct any technical work, but I was still trying to come up with some creative ideas. I was in my room using my laptop to create articles, new manipulation images, and other creative endeavors. Lockdown conditions and police monitoring for pushbacks due to the COVID-19 virus prevented me from going out as I had hoped. Even if I was learning to cook creatively, discomfort is part of the process. During COVID-19, many issues also arose at home with family members, and I experienced emotional difficulties. During lockdown, many new realities, deep emotions, and personal issues emerged. Therefore, a master's project reopened my life and enriched my innovative path. 

Who may conduct the research? "Research is not a human surname; rather, it is a component of the global higher education system for those who can come up with something original and inventive." The items have the power to significantly alter human existence and development. Anyone can conduct research, just as I did with my Master of Engineering project.

In the Lab’s Quiet Glow

"In the Lab’s Quiet Glow"

Beneath the hum of fume hoods wide,

A student walks with a measured stride.

Clad in coats and midnight thought,

Through trials that textbooks never taught.

His world is flasks and vapor streams.

Where theories bend and chase old dreams,

Catalysts and columns are tall,

Each drop a rise, each spill a fall.

Equations scrawled on dusty glass,

Reactor tubes that fail or pass—

Some days yield gold, some days just grey,

But each step carves a clearer way.

And there beside him, calm and still,

A voice that sharpens thought and will—

The supervisor, with a patient eye,

Who sees beyond each failed reply?

Not with harsh commands or cold decree,

But questions shaped in empathy:

“What did you learn?” — not “Why’d this die?”

“Can it be tuned? Let’s try, let’s try.”

Through sleepless nights and papers torn,

Through graphs where hope and stress are worn,

They march with science in their hand,

Together, toward what few understand.

In autoclaves where silence speaks,

And pH tips toward turning peaks,

The student learns — not just the flame,

But how to fail and try again.

And in the end, with gown and hood,

He'll stand where once uncertain stood.

A doctor, yes — but more, a flame

Lit by another who knew his name.

So here's to those who guide the way

When lab lights dim and minds delay—

To every PhD forged through grace,

And those who gave that learning space.

The sun may rise, the world may spin,
But he chases truths held deep within—
Within the sludge, the spark, the steam,
In tangled lines of MATLAB’s dream.

Aluminum dross, a stubborn foe,
Yields its secrets, slow by slow.
Each test, a whisper; each graph, a plea,
In search of green-hued alchemy.

A paper rejected? It's not the end—
Just feedback from an unseen friend.
“Refine the plot, explain the rate.”
So he rewrites, fueled by fate.

In meetings full of jargon-dense,
Where logic leans on every tense,
His mentor nods, adjusts his gaze—
“Clarify this—don't hide the haze.”

There are days when glassware breaks,
When hope dissolves in acid lakes,
When data lies, or worse, is mute—
And silence chokes the institute.

But through it all, a thread remains—
Not glory, not the rush of gains—
But quiet love for solving why,
For watching questions multiply.

They build not just from heat and flask,
But from the will to sit and ask:
“What’s missing here? What must I prove?”
In the pause of failure, they learn to move.

The years roll by—he learns the tone,
Of science spoken, softly grown.
Not shouted loud, but crafted well,
A truth that time alone can tell.

And when at last the hood comes off,
The thesis bound, no longer scoffed—
He turns to see that guiding face,
The quiet pride, the nod of grace.

No lab coat now, no beaker’s hiss,
But in his mind, he won’t miss this—
For every step, each long ago,
Still glows within that lab’s warm glow.

Beneath the hum of fume hoods wide,
A student walks with measured stride.
His breath is slow, his mind is loud,
Among the glassware standing proud.

White coats flutter, pages turn,
Pumps whir softly, circuits burn.
This is his world, his sacred ground—
Where questions rise and truths are found.

His thesis lives in sleepless nights,
In datasets and spectral heights.
A whisper of hydrogen from dross—
A noble aim with endless cost.

The lab clock ticks with ancient will,
While acids hiss and stirrups spill.
What starts in theory, sharp and neat,
Becomes a battle not so sweet.

He stares at graphs that twist and fall,
“Why doesn’t this make sense at all?”
One line too flat, one spike too steep—
He barely dreams, he barely sleeps.

The MATLAB screen, in shades of blue,
Mocks him with models skewed askew.
He tweaks the code, rechecks the mass,
Still can't make that pressure pass.

But he is not alone in fight—
A wiser soul stands just in sight.
With greying hair and steady hands,
A supervisor who understands.

He doesn't shout or rush the task,
Just simply leans and dares to ask:
“What’s your thought beneath this peak?”
“Have you checked what lies oblique?”

Together, they retrace the line,
From flask to plot to valence sign.
It’s not just yield or pH range—
It's learning how the mind must change.

One day a breakthrough, clear and loud:
The curve aligns—the team feels proud.
Anodic spikes just where they should,
The dross reacts, and all looks good.

But joy is brief, for next comes doubt—
Reviewers tear the findings out.
“Unclear kinetics,” one will write,
“Lack of control,” another’s bite.

Still, he returns, he does not stray,
For failure here just paves the way.
Each flaw a teacher, each step bold—
The discipline is forged, not told.

Years pass like echoes in a flask,
He learns to lead, to teach, to ask.
Now others gather by his flame,
And softly he repeats the same:

“Let’s try again. What do you see?”
“There’s something here. Come work with me.”
The pupil now a guide in turn,
Repeats the wisdom he did earn.

And at his viva’s final breath,
He stands apart from fear or death—
Not for the title newly worn,
But for the self that he has born.

The gown fits light, the room is still,
He climbs the last, the hardest hill.
His mentor nods. A quiet grin—
“You’ve finished here. Now go begin.”